There are four strokes athletes can race individually: backstroke, breaststroke, butterfly, and freestyle. One event, the individual medley, involves the athlete swimming all four strokes throughout the race. The pictures on the right show examples of the four strokes.
Relay events involve four athletes participating as a team. Each athlete will swim an equal distance of the race. There are two freestyle relays and one medley relay in high school swimming. An athlete can participate in all three relay events, so long as they only compete in one individual event.